Indirect speech for all tenses rules and details studyandexam. If the reporting verb or first sentence of direct speech is either present tense or future tense, no change will be made in the reported speech for. You may also find that your knowledge of the rules of. Modal verbs are changed in indirect speech like, can into could, may into might, must into had to. If the reporting verb in this case tell is in the past tense, we usually change the tense of the verb which follows. Oct 26, 20 a sentence has been given in direct speech. Reported speech indirect speech in english summary. General rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech. Indirect speech is when we report what someone else has said. Direct and indirect speech test is a part of english grammar. Simple past silva said, i went to school yesterday. The sentence in indirect speech is in simple past passive tense.
Direct speech is the exact words spoken by someone. Direct and indirect of simple past tense past indefinite. Tense change in indirect speech present simple tense into. Li 1986, all known languages have at least one system for reporting direct. In the direct form reminded will be substituted by do not forget to take. Reported speech is often also called indirect speech.
Simple present tense usually changes to the simple past in reported speech examples. Using the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was said in the past. Indirect speech as you can see from the above examples, present tenses in the direct speech are shifted back to corresponding past tenses in the indirect speech. For exercises, you can reveal the answers first submit worksheet and print the page to have the exercise and the answers. Jan 5, 2020 reported speech tenses may differ from the tense of the direct speech. The past perfect tense does not change in the reported speech. In english, to report someones words or their own words, you. Direct speech indirect speech direct speech indirect speech alex said, it is good time now to see him alex said that it was good time then to see him. The english language has two means to express the words said by a person. Direct and indirect speech exercise notes solved with answers free download pdf. Pdf reported speech is one of difficult topics in learning english grammar, especially. Present perfect progressive tense into past perfect tense. The maid said, all the windows have been washed thoroughly. We have seen that when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses inside the quotation marks will change into their corresponding past tenses in indirect speech.
When the reporting or principal verb is in the past tense, all present tenses of the direct are. Direct speech alex said that he had been to australia. Besides tenses and pronoun, to change the direct into indirect speech or reverse, the. May 2, 2014 when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses in the direct speech will change into the corresponding past tenses. All those changes represent the distancing effect of the reported speech. If it is in the simple past tense, change it into the past perfect tense. In the first statement, the reporter conveys the statement given by an individual person, using his own words to another person. Basics of direct indirect speech if you are preparing for banking or government recruitment exams, grammar forms an important section in your exam. We use reporting verbs like say, tell, ask, and we may use the word that to introduce the reported words. Download topic wise ssc chsl important questions pdf. When we turn direct speech into indirect, some changes are usually necessary.
Direct speech reported speech indirect speech he says, we are in london for the first time. Adverbs of time and place if the reported sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it to fit in with the time of reporting, and adverb of nearness should be put into those of distance. Jan 23, 2019 direct and indirect speech for ssc chsl pdf. Rules of direct and indirect speech are discussed below. So learning direct and indirect speech rules is very necessary.
All direct and indirect speech exercises free and with help function, teaching materials and grammar rules. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples englishan. Jan 06, 2020 find here complete examples of direct and indirect speech for all classes, with solved answers. It is original quotation of a talk it is always placed between two quotation marks it is always preceded by capital letter. Next, you need to change all the quotes to reported speech. When changing from direct to indirect speech, you need to change the grammar in certain ways. We learned how to convey a message of present tenses to someone. In the following question, a sentence has been given in directindirect speech. Are you feeling past continuous simple past i was there last year. In indirect speech we give the exact meaning of a remark or a speech, without necessarily using the speakers exact words. Complete direct and indirect speech rules with examples for tenses, with pronouns, modals assertive, imperative, optative, exclamatory, and question sentences.
Reported questions so now you have no problem with making reported speech from positive and negative sentences. Direct and indirect speech examples 100 examples of direct and indirect speech all tenses reported speech examples. English online reported speech exercises with answers. James told his mother that he was leaving for new york the next day. If you want to download direct and indirect speech rules in pdf, you are at right place. Out of the four alternatives, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english. Jul 16, 2012 direct speech peter asked me where i was going. Present progressive tense into past progressive tense. It can be asked in gap filling as giving the right verb forms. Direct and indirect speech exercises for ssc cgl pdf cracku. Pp1 quoted speech uses quotation marks and the exact words that a person has said. While changing direct speech into indirect speech the rules of sequence of tenses are follows.
Reported speech indirect speech he says, we were in london for the first time. Past continuous edward said that he was watching the news. Direct and indirect speechnarration part 2 imperative. All tenses this website is good for direct and indirect speech practice quoted and reported speech. Indirect speech for imperative and exclamatory sentences change in pronoun in indirect speech change in time and adverb in indirect speech. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses the same. This page will help you to understand basics of direct indirect speech with easy understanding. From the above example, broadly it comes to knowledge that for changing direct speech to indirect speech, we are to i use a word to join both the parts like that is used here. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech.
Quoted and reported speech, also referred to as direct and indirect speech, are used frequently. This exercise greatly adds to the indirecttodirect conversion, and kids get to hammer the concept home with great. We talked about direct and indirect speech of present tenses. Simple past present continuous im working at the moment. Quoted and reported speech san jose state university. You will learn how to transmit a message what someone said, thought or felt in simple. Indeed this structure can be a source of confusion for esl learners because they mix it with active and passive voice. You can expect to see direct questions on direct indirect speech in all exams related to ssc be it ssc cgl, chsl, stenographer or others. Mind the introductory sentences and backshift of tenses. We often convey a message or give information about what someone said, thought or felt to somebody else. If these verbs are in the past tense, we change the following. Time expressions with reported speech sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. Im means i am which refers to raj and needs to be changed to he was in form of indirect speech. English esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets.
Direct and indirect speech is directly not asked in class 9 and 10 in cbse board but reported speech is not out of syllabus. Tense use in direct and indirect speech in english. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf exams. In direct speech the sentence will change to simple present. Learn how to use direct and indirect speech and tense changes when using reported speech in english with useful grammar rules and example sentences. Direct and indirect speech table for change in tense of reported speech for all tenses. Dec 09, 2018 all users may avail the following features on to make their study research experience better.
Edit change in modal verbs here are some indirect speech rules for modal verbs. When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes. The general rule for tenses in reported speech is that it changes to the past tense. A change is made in tense of reported speech for changing a direct speech into indirect speech. The general point it makes is that in all instances of speech representation, the temporal reference point defined by the original speech exchange described in the reporting clause she said, he thought, etc. All of these requests mean the same thing, so we dont need to report every word.
Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples download all the grammar lessons in one click. The tenses, wordorder, pronouns may be different from those in the direct speech sentence. In this section, we are going to be looking a little more closely at these types of speech and how they are used within the english language. Direct and indirect speech for ssc chsl pdf cracku.
Direct and indirect speeches are not the favorite topic for many of us. Indirect speech for interrogative question sentence. Direct speech he says that they were in london for the first time. Indirect speech can be introduced by a verb in a present tense.
Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. Direct and indirect speech becomes easy to go with when you know all of its necessary rules to change direct into indirect speech. For example, the simple present will become simple past. Rewrite each sentence using appropriate punctuations, tenses and keep an eye on your word order as well.
Interrogative form is changed into assertive form of sentence. Following are the basic rules of direct and indirect speech for interrogative sentences or question sentences. Jul 29, 2014 direct and indirect speech rules and examples. This paper sets out to revisit the problem of tense in english direct and indirect speech with past reporting clauses. Reported speech in different english tenses exercise. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. Download as docx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. For example i am watching tv is an example of direct speech however she said that she was watching tv is indirect speech. Page 1 direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents identify reported speech and reported speech direct and indirect speech punctuation rules use of conjunction that rules for changing pronouns in indirect speech indirect speech rules for all tenses rules for change in time and adverb in indirect speech.
On the other hand, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change. Find here complete examples of direct and indirect speech for all classes, with solved answers. Rahul asked me if i had seen the cricket match on tv the previous night. Lets first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or viceversa. Direct speech he says that they are in london for the first time. The other deictic markers in english change in tense, adverbials. Direct and indirect speech practice questions hitbullseye. Reported speech indirect speech tom asked what time the meeting was. Simple past greg said that he was an english teacher. Direct and indirect speech narration rules and exercises. Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken.
Reported speech indirect speech adjectives to describe feelings mood tone. Direct speech changes into indirect speech present simple tense into past simple tense present. Backshift of tenses verb tenses direct speech reported speech pronounsverb tenses simple present do you i am a carpenter. Punctuation marks comma, inverted comma, question marks are removed. Indirect speech alex said, i have been to australia. Table for change in tense of reported speech for all tenses. All users can download top study notes, free of cost. Rewrite the following sentences changing the direct speech to indirect speech and indirect speech to direct speech. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english summary. Also one cannot ignore the importance of direct and indirect speech in spoken or writing english language. Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in i said, bill said, or they said.
Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. This printable worksheet helps practice conversion of reported speech into direct speech. In the article below we are going to elaborate direct and indirect of simple past tense. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one. In order to do this you can use the grammar structure named direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech. Direct and indirect speech exercise english grammar. Direct speech is found in conversations in books, in plays and in quotations. Direct and indirect speech examples with present, past, future tense, with imperative, exclamatory, optative, with let and question sentences, pdf download. The simple past tense usually changes to the past perfect in reported speech. Table for change in tense of reported speech for all tenses free download as word doc.
Learning direct indirect speech rules is not difficult as they are based on tenses. Read the whole article to know about direct and indirect. Pdf students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for question sentence indirect speech for modals i. Indirect speech for sentence having modals, can, may, must, should, ought would could indirect speech for exclamatory and imperative sentences. Direct speech is a form of speech where the speaker gives first hand information, whereas indirect speech is reported on behalf of someone else. Direct indirect speechnarration part 1 rulestricks in. It is because direct and indirect speech rules are not easy to learn. If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed at all.
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